A process reserves a 2 GiB anonymous range but touches only 8 MiB. Which conclusion is ju…

A process reserves a 2 GiB anonymous range but touches only 8 MiB. Which conclusion is justified?

1. It must already consume 2 GiB of private RAM.
2. Its virtual size can grow by 2 GiB without a matching 2 GiB increase in resident memory.
3. The untouched pages can never fail when written later.
4. The range cannot count toward any cgroup policy.